Capstone Project Paper: Hernando County Essay

Hernando County is located in the Tampa Bay ara and is surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico to its West, Pasco County to its South, Sumter County to its East, and Citrus County to its North. Hernando County has a universe of discourse of 172,778 people (Hernando County Profile, 2012). harmonize to Justia. com Hernando County is close seventy-six portion urban setting and the rest rural non-farming. The sizing of Hernando County is 53,927 square miles (County In inningation, 2012). The three major private sector employers are Wal-Mart statistical distri howeverion Center, Oak cumulus Hospital, and Spring Hill and Brooksville Regional Hospitals.Oak Hill Hospital, Spring Hill Regional Hospital, and Brooksville Regional are the major wellness lot systems in the county (Hernando County Profile, 2012). The age group range of forty- five dollar bill to sixty- quad long time old comprises the largest percentage of residents in Hernando County (Florida Charts, 2012). Five percent of th e universe of discourse is black people, and ninety- three percent is white people (Florida Charts, 2012). Nine percent is Hispanic, while ninety- cardinal percent is non-Hispanic (Florida Charts, 2012).Twelve percent of families in Hernando County and xiv percent of families in Florida are below the poverty take aim (Florida Charts, 2012). Eighty- six percent of the population in Hernando County greater than age twenty- five puzzle a high schooltime diploma. Eighty- five percent of the population in Florida greater than age twenty- five have a high school diploma (Florida Charts, 2012). Two percent of the population greater than age five in Hernando County do not spill English, and seven percent of the population greater than age five in Florida do not speak English (Florida Charts, 2012).Overview of legal concourse 2020 wellnessy population 2020 provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improve the wellness of every last(predicate) Ameri faecess ( welln essy mint 2020, 2012, p. 2). The United States Department of wellness and serviceman Services manages the site. wellnessy muckle 2020 was developed to improve the nations health among all socioeconomic groups by monitoring the effects of legal residential district methods, educating people on healthy lifestyle decisions, promoting healthy environments, and earning what research should be conducted.The goals of Healthy People 2020 accept Attain high-quality, longer lives free of baffleable sickness, disability, injury, and premature demolition. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. Create neighborly and physical environments that promote good health for all. gain quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. (Healthy People 2020, 2012) The leadership Health Indicators come from the list of Healthy People 2020 objectives.The lead story(p) Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020 are the issues of our nations health given the greatest precession in resolving (Healthy People 2020, 2012). The Leading Health Indicators were made to communicate high- priority health concerns and measures that preserve be taken to deal with them. According to Healthy People 2020, The indicators will be use of goods and servicesd to assess the health of the Nation, facilitate collaboration across sectors, and strike action at the national, State, and community levels to improve the health of the U.S. population (Healthy People 2020, 2012, p. 7).The Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020 are the issues of our nations health given the greatest priority in resolving. They include the following access to health services clinical preventive services environmental quality injury and violence maternal, infant, and child health mental health nutrition, physical activity, and obesity oral health reproductive and sexual health social determinants substance abuse and tobacco (Heal thy People 2020, 2012).Healthy People 2020 suggests that organizations who are running(a) towards making the goals a reality, submit their LHI success stories to the Healthy People 2020 website so that Healthy People 2020 can use them to their benefit. These stories can give other people and organizations hope for success to attain their stimulate goals. Further more(prenominal), Healthy People 2020 proposes to MAP-IT in order to pass indicators in a community or population. The MAP-IT strategy can be used in any community to ultimately achieve Healthy People 2020 goals. unrivalled must mobilize supporters, assess the privations of the community, plan how to address these needs, implement the plan, and track the progress (Healthy People 2020, 2012). Analysis of Strengths and Needs The three leading health indicators of strength for Hernando County are maternal, infant, and child health nutrition, physical activity, and obesity and tobacco (Indicators for county Hernando, 2012). For maternal, infant, and child health, Hernando County is in the front quartile (most favorable) for early prenatal perplexity (care began first trimester), infant death rate, and neonatal death rate.Hernando County is also ameliorate than the state of Florida by having less premature births, births to teens fifteen to nineteen years old, and repeat births to mothers fifteen to nineteen years old and a bring low post neonatal death rate. Regarding nutrition, physical activity, and obesity, Hernando County beats the Healthy People 2020 goals of thirty- three percent of the bounteous population engaging in no leisure-time physical activity with a percentage of twenty- seven percent and thirty- champion percent of the adult population being obese (Indicators for county Hernando, 2012).Concerning tobacco, Hernando County is in the first quartile (most favorable) for the percentage of adults who are current smokers (Florida Charts, 2012). The three leading health indicators of nee d in Hernando County are injury and violence, social determinants, and oral health (Indicators for county Hernando, 2012). In regards to social determinants, Hernando County is in the fourth quartile (least favorable) for unemployment rate and is in the third quartile for median income (in dollars) (Florida Charts, 2012).Unemployment rate is a social determinant as it describes the conditions that the community is life sentence in. For injury and violence, Hernando County is in the fourth quartile (least favorable) for unintentional injuries age-adjusted death rate and for felo-de-se age-adjusted death rate. Additionally, Hernando County is in the third quartile for motor vehicle crash age-adjusted death rate and for domestic violence offenses (Florida Charts, 2012).There is a need to rase the injury and violence rate in the county because as compared to the state of Florida, Hernando is one of the most violent counties in Florida (Florida Charts, 2012). In concern of oral health , Hernando County is in the fourth quartile (least favorable) for adults who had a standing(prenominal) tooth withdraw because of tooth annihilation or glue disease (Florida Charts, 2012). unwritten health is designated as the priority health indicator.Oral health care is extremely important because people need to prevent infections of the mouth, cavities that cause pain, and cancer. But the primary concern is periodontal disease and how it can lead to more severe diseases. Such diseases caused by periodontal disease range from diabetes to heart disease. Previously stated, Hernando County is in the fourth quartile (least favorable) for adults who had a permanent tooth removed because of tooth decay or gum disease (Florida Charts, 2012).Community Health precedents Determinants of Health are broad categories of factors that influence health and complaint (Clark, 2008, p. 66). The Determinants-of-Health Model is a combination of other models such as the producing health, consumi ng health care model and the mandala model. The Determinants-of-Health Model can helper the Community Health Nurse develop hindrances that address a population based health concern because it has different categorical determinants with topics imbedded in each determinant.The Community Health Nurse could use this model to figure out which determinant is relevant for a certain health issue and use the model to delimitate down topics for immediate interpellation (Clark, 2008). merciful biology, the health system, environment, and lifestyle are factors that can contribute to oral health and are part of the Determinants-of-Health-Model (Clark, 2008). Human biology, like ones gender, can predispose a person to a certain quality of oral health.A study through in South Asia revealed that women were more likely to get alveolar consonant tooth decay than men due to genetic and hormonal factors (Lukacs, 2011). The utilization part of the health system also plays a utilization in oral health, which is shown in research do by the National Survey of Childrens Health 2007. This research showed that children with poor oral health care are more likely to utilize dental health services when they are young, but less likely to go to the dentist when they are older than those that with able oral health (Bell, Huebner, & Reed, 2007).Furthermore a study in Australia proves that the addendum of fluoride to public water, which is a part of built environment and the environmental determinants, has a positive correlation with the quality of oral health (Armfield, 2010). The lifestyle excerpt of smoking significantly lessens oral health quality, as confirmed by a study performed in Croatia (Zajc, I. , Brajdic, D. , Biocic, J. , Bosan-Kilibarda, I. , Kopic, V. , Siber, S. , & Macan, D. , 2011). Population Diagnosis The population diagnosing for the priority health issue of oral health is that large adult population in Hernando County is at risk of oral health adulteration r elated to lack of knowledge in proper dental care, demonstrate by(a) Hernando County is in the fourth quartile (least favorable) for adults who had a permanent tooth removed because of tooth decay or gum disease, (b) Hernando county is in the second quartile for adults who had their dentition cleaned in the prehistoric year, and (c) Hernando County is in the second quartile for adults who visited a dentist or a dental clinic in the past year (Florida Charts, 2012).The Interventions Wheel The Interventions Wheel consists of 17 set community health nursing incumbrances that cross over three levels of population-based exert individual-focused, community-focused, and systems-focused practice (Clark, 2008, p. 75). The Intervention Wheel is supposed to integrate the idea of determinants of health as all factors that affect health, not just disease or health-related behaviors. The authors of the model also indicate that the model emphasizes health promotion and illness prevention (Cl ark, 2008, p. 7).To apply the Interventions Wheel to the antecedently mentioned population diagnosis, the community-focused intervention of social marketing could be utilized. By using social marketing, the county could write a grant to fund a media campaign to spread the word intimately the importance of dental care (Clark, 2008). Levels of Prevention Nursing interventions for identified health needs in the population are planned within the dimensions of health care.The dimensions of health care derive from the public health concepts of levels of prevention and include primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention (Clark, 2008 p. 72) If you perform an intervention that is intentional to prevent a health issue from happening, then it is primary prevention. For instance, immunisation is a protective measure for communicable diseases (Clark, 2008, p. 73). If the intervention is supposed to fixing an existing issue, it is secondary prevention.This prevention in cludes screening and early diagnosis as well as treatment for existing health problems (Clark, 2008, p. 73). When a performed intervention is designed to prevent long-term consequences of a former problem, it is a tertiary prevention. An example of a tertiary prevention would be exercise aft(prenominal) a broken leg to prevent muscle atrophy and contractures (Clark, 2008, p. 73). entirely three of the preventions mentioned apply to the priority health issue of oral health. For instance, a primary prevention would be going to the dentist routinely for modify to prevent cavities and disease of the mouth.A secondary prevention would be to use fluoride after the dentist identifies the degradation of tooth enamel. A tertiary prevention would be the use of a mouth guard after a ice hockey player lost their tooth and got it replaced by the dentist. Evidence Based Interventions For the primary level of prevention, a community-focused intervention could be utilized in support of the prior ity health issue of oral health. Health instruct could be done by working at local festivals and fairs promoting a teeth cleanup position campaign. The campaign would be funded by local legislators in the county.The community health nurse could have a booth set-up at these local festivals and fairs teaching the community about the importance of oral health care. An article in the International Journal of Cardiology 2011 says that oral health promotion activities seem to arise improvements in periodontal health (Lam, O. , Zhang, W. , Samaranayake, L. , Li, L. , McGrath, C. , 2011). For the secondary level of prevention, a system-focused intervention could be used in support of the population diagnosis previously mentioned.By working with local health care providers to develop systems for screening, experience appointments, and treatment for cavities and gum disease, the rates of tooth loss in Hernando County could be lowered. The community health nurse would meet with other health care providers and help make these services available. An article in the American Journal for globe Health 2011 states that the dental practice is responsible for screening for disease in both oral and general health (Lamster & Eaves, 2011).For the tertiary level of prevention, an individual-focused intervention could be employed in support of oral health. By working with local health care providers, the community health nurse could establish consume care for patients with gum disease. Compliance of the patient could be monitored by seeing how many follow-up appointments the patient attends out of the suggested amount of appointments plan by the dentist. The dentist could monitor the treatment effects with subsequent visits by the patient.The patient could be educated on how to better his oral health care to prevent further negative impact and the spread of the disease. According to the Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2010, people that take better care of their teeth have a g reater likelihood of showing up for follow-up care (Kakudate, N. , Morita, M. , Yamazaki, S. , Fukuhara, S. , Sugai, M. , Nagayama, M. , Kawanami, M. , & Chiba, I. , 2010). Conclusion Health indemnity plays a direct role on the health care received by patients. Health policy develops protocols on what procedures should be performed for certain situations.The health policy scheme is a secondary level prevention with a system-focused approach. The health policy proposal is that people who have been diagnosed with gum disease should seek follow-up care during the next two years to prevent tooth loss. Dental care is essential to prevent and treat orofacial disease, infection, and pain, as well as restore form and function of dentition (Policy on medically necessary care, 2011, p. 20). The health policy proposal will decrease the number adults who had a permanent tooth removed because of tooth decay or gum disease in Hernando County.